Psalms 106:46 - Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

He made them also to be pitied of all those that carried them captives - That is, he exercised such control over the minds of the pagan that they were willing to show them mercy and to release them. It was not by any native tenderness on the part of the pagan; it was not because they were disposed of themselves to show them any favor; it was not because they had any “natural” relentings on the subject; but it was because God had access to their hearts, and “inclined” them to show compassion for their suffering prisoners. This is a remarkable instance of the power of God over even the hardened minds and hearts of pagan men; and it shows that he holds this power, and can exercise it when he pleases. If he could excite in their hard hearts feelings of compassion toward his own people in bondage, what should prevent his having such access to the hearts of the pagan now as to lead them to repentance toward himself? On the exercise of this power the salvation of the pagan world - as of all sinners - must depend; and for the putting forth of this power we should most fervently pray. The “literal” rendering of this verse would be, “And he gave them to compassions before all those that made them captive.” That is, he inclined them to show favor or compassion. Compare Dan 1:9; 1 Kings 8:50.