For, lo, thine enemies make a tumult - Are excited; are aroused; are moving in a wild, furious, tumultuous manner, rushing on to the accomplishment of their designs. They come like rolling waves of the sea. See the word used here explained in the notes at Psalms 2:1, where it is rendered, in the text, “rage;” in the margin, “tumultuously assemble.”
And they that hate thee - Thine enemies; the enemies of thy cause, and of thy people. Who they were is specified in Psalms 83:6-8.
Have lifted up the head - Have become proud; bold; confident of success, all of which is indicated by the phrase “lifted up the head.” The head is bowed down in penitence and trouble; pride lifts it up; boldness, confidence, and wickedness, are indicated by its being thus lifted up.