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1 Samuel 16:1 open_in_new
the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4.
I have rejected. Note here Jehovah's sovereignty.
I have provided. Note Jehovah's sovereignty in this choice of' the youngest. It is this choice that makes David the "man after Jehovah's heart"; not David's personal character or conduct.
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1 Samuel 16:2 open_in_new
with thee. in thine hand.
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1 Samuel 16:4 open_in_new
Beth-lehem. house of bread.
said. Hebrew text reads verb in singular, requiring "he, or one, said". In this case it is the Figure of speech Heterosis (of Number), App-6. But several codices, the Sevir (App-34), Targum, Septuagint, Syriac, Vulgate, and the two earliest printed editions, read "they said".
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1 Samuel 16:5 open_in_new
Jesse and his sons. He had eight sons and two daughters, Zeruiah (mother of Abishai, Joab, and Asahel) and Abigail (mother of Amasa). David is the eighth here (verses: 10, 11), but called the seventh in 1 Chronicles 2:15. One son must have died shortly after this, or been the son of. concubine, or died without issue and so not reckoned in the genealogy. Samuel is history, Chronicles is genealogy.
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1 Samuel 16:7 open_in_new
the LORD seeth. These words correctly supply the Ellipsis (App-6.), from the Septuagint
man = 'adam. App-14.
seeth. looketh to.
looketh on. looketh to.
heart. Compare 1 Chronicles 28:9; Psalms 7:8; Jeremiah 11:20; Jeremiah 17:10; Jeremiah 20:12.
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1 Samuel 16:9 open_in_new
Then. and.
Shammah. Probably. Shimeah. 2 Samuel 13:3; 2 Samuel 21:21.
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1 Samuel 16:10 open_in_new
Again. So.
seven. See note on 1 Samuel 16:5.
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1 Samuel 16:11 open_in_new
Are here all thy children? Hebrew "Have the young men finished [passing by)? "This correctly supplies the Figure of speech Ellipsis. App-6. Hebrew. na. ar =
young men. youngest. least. See note on 1 Samuel 16:5.
behold. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6.
he keepeth. Saul lost his father's asses (1 Samuel 9:3; 1 Samuel 9:4; 1 Samuel 9:20). down round.
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1 Samuel 16:12 open_in_new
and withal of. beautiful, &c.. a stripling (1 Samuel 17:56), with handsome eyes.
goodly to look to. with, or of, noble mien.
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1 Samuel 16:13 open_in_new
anointed him. Three anointings of David: (1) by Samuel, here; (2) by "men of Judah" (2 Samuel 2:4); and (3) by "the elders of Israel "(2 Samuel 5:3).
the Spirit. Hebrew. = ruach. App-9.
David. beloved.
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1 Samuel 16:14 open_in_new
But. This marks and introduces the later episode, placed here in order to bring out and connect the contrast of the Spirit's departing from Saul and coming on David. See notes on 17. and 1 Samuel 18:12.
evil: always. Hebrew. ra'a' (App-44.), in this connection.
spirit. Hebrew. ruach. App-9.
troubled. terrified.
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1 Samuel 16:15 open_in_new
God. Hebrew. Elohim (App-4). Saul's servants not in communion with Jehovah, the Covenant God. App-4.
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1 Samuel 16:16 open_in_new
man. Hebrew. 'ish. App-14.
cunning. skilful.
harp = kinnor. An instrument of many strings.
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1 Samuel 16:18 open_in_new
servants. Not the same word as in verses: 1 Samuel 16:15-17, but "young men "as in 1 Samuel 14:1. Perhaps Saul's body-guard; possibly fellow-pupils of Samuel at Naioth.
and. Note Figure of speech Polysyndeton (App-6) in these verses.
matters. speech.
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1 Samuel 16:20 open_in_new
bottle. skin-bottle.
of. Genitive of contents. App-17.
wine. Hebrew. yayin. See App-27.
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1 Samuel 16:21 open_in_new
he. Saul.
him. David.