now. Calling attention to the then present time (424 B.C.) as being distinct from Daniel 11:1, which refers to what took place two years before.
yet: i.e. in the then immediate future.
three kings in Persia. Cambyses, the pseudo-Smerdis, and Darius Hystaspes. See App-57. But ancient histories "contain much that is admittedly fabulous" (Encycl. Brit, 11th ed., vol. 21, p. 210), and the commentaries based on them differing among themselves are therefore not to be relied on. We know from this verse that there were three, after Cyrus, and. fourth. Whoever he was, he was succeeded by the "mighty king" of Daniel 11:4 (Alexander the Great).
by his strength through his riches. Some codices, and five early printed editions, read "by strengthening himself in his riches he will stir up".