James. See Galatians 1:19.
Cephas. Compare Galatians 1:18.
John. The only mention of him in Paul's epistles,
seemed. Compare verses: Galatians 2:2; Galatians 2:6.
pillars. Greek. stulos. Elsewhere, 1 Timothy 3:15.Revelation 3:12; Revelation 10:1. Applied by the Jews to teachers of the Law.
perceived. Greek. ginosko. App-132.
grace. Greek. charis. App-184.
unto. Greek. eis, App-104.
heathen. Compare Galatians 1:16.