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Isaiah 13:1 open_in_new
burden. a prophetic oracle or warning. This begins the fourth great division of the book. Reference to Pentateuch (Numbers 24:3), App-92.
Babylon. This takes precedence, and stands for Chaldsea generally. It reached its height about 100 years later, under Nahopolassar and his son Nebuchadnezzar.. generation later it was captured by Cyrus and Darius the Mede (see App-57). Babylon was of little importance at this time.
Isaiah. His name given in Isaiah 1:1; Isaiah 2:1; Isaiah 7:3; Isaiah 13:1; Isaiah 20:2; Isaiah 20:3; Isaiah 37:2; Isaiah 37:5; Isaiah 37:6; Isaiah 37:21; Isaiah 39:3; Isaiah 39:5; Isaiah 39:8.
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Isaiah 13:3 open_in_new
sanctified ones. separated ones. Here. the armies of the Medes and Persians. Compare Isaiah 44:28; Isaiah 45:1.
mighty ones. heroes. Hebrew. gibbor. App-14.
them that rejoice in My highness. my proudly exulting ones.
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Isaiah 13:5 open_in_new
the end of heaven: i.e. from afar.
the whole land. all the land [of Chaldaea].
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Isaiah 13:6 open_in_new
the day. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Subject), for the events (or judgments) which shall take place in it.
day of the Lord.. See note on Isaiah 2:12. Occurs in fifteen other places in O.T.: (Isaiah 13:9; Ezekiel 13:5.Joel 1:15; Joel 2:1; Joel 2:11; Joel 2:31; Amos 5:18; Amos 5:18; Amos 5:20; Obadiah 1:15.Zephaniah 1:7; Zephaniah 1:14; Zephaniah 1:14.Malachi 4:5 (total 4x4, App-10).
destruction... ALMIGHTY. Note Figure of speech Paronomasia. Hebrew. keshod... mishshaddai.
the ALMIGHTY. the All-bountiful One. Hebrew. Shaddai (App-4).
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Isaiah 13:7 open_in_new
man's. mortal's. Hebrew. enosh.
App-14.
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Isaiah 13:8 open_in_new
as flames. as [faces of] flames darkened.
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Isaiah 13:9 open_in_new
cruel. stern.
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Isaiah 13:10 open_in_new
shall not give their light. Quoted in Matthew 24:29. Shall not celebrate [Thee]. Compare Psalms 19:1-3; Psalms 145:10. Hebrew. halel.
Occurs twice in "former" portion (here and in Isaiah 38:18 "celebrate") and four times in "latter" portion (Isaiah 41:16; Isaiah 45:25, "glory"; Isaiah 62:9; Isaiah 64:11, "praise") See App-79.
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Isaiah 13:11 open_in_new
the world. the habitable world. Hebrew tebel.
evil. Hebrew. ra'a. App-44.
wicked. lawless. Hebrew. rasha.
iniquity. Hebrew. avah.
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Isaiah 13:12 open_in_new
man. Hebrew. adam. App-14.
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Isaiah 13:14 open_in_new
man. Hebrew. 'ish. App-14.
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Isaiah 13:16 open_in_new
children. babes.
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Isaiah 13:17 open_in_new
Medes. Here only "Medes". in Isaiah 21:2, "Persians and Medes. "In Isaiah 45:1 Cyrus named. The order is chronological.
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Isaiah 13:18 open_in_new
their. Some codices, with two early printed editions, Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate, read "and their".
children. sons.
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Isaiah 13:19 open_in_new
as when God, &c. Reference to Pentateuch. See note on Isaiah 1:9.
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Isaiah 13:20 open_in_new
never. See note on Isaiah 25:8.
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Isaiah 13:21 open_in_new
doleful creatures. Probably hyenas.
satyrs. goat-shaped demons worshipped by the Seirites (Edom). Compare Leviticus 17:7. 2Ch 11:15. 2 Chronicles 25:14.
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Isaiah 13:22 open_in_new
the wild beasts. jackals.
dragons, or wild dogs.