Joel 1:4 - Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes

Bible Comments

That which, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 28:38). Compare Joel 2:25. The English of this verse is beautifully idiomatic, but twelve Hebrew words condense the whole. See below.

palmerworm. This is named first of four different stages of the locust. English. hairy caterpiller Hebrew gazam, or the gnawer. The pupa stage.

locust. Hebrew. 'arbeh. the swarmer. The imago stage.

cankerworm. Hebrew. yelek. the devourer.

caterpillar. Hebrew hasil. the consumer. The larva stage. Compare Joel 2:25, and Nahum 3:15; Nahum 3:16.

These four words show the completeness of the destroying agencies. The Heb, reads "Gnawer's remnant,Swarmer eats: Swarmer's remnant,Devourer eats Devourer's remnant,Consumer eats. "

Joel 1:4

4 That which the palmerworma hath left hath the locust eaten; and that which the locust hath left hath the cankerworm eaten; and that which the cankerworm hath left hath the caterpiller eaten.