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Proverbs 1:1 open_in_new
of. Genitive of Relation (App-17), being the title or heading of the whole book, some being "for" him; others "by" him. If not, why the words of Proverbs 10:1. Chapter s Proverbs 10:19; Proverbs 10:19 are not to "my son", but are in the third person, "he" and "him". See App-74, and note also other sub-headings, Proverbs 25:1; Proverbs 30:1; Proverbs 31:1. All these are covered by the Genitive of Relation (App-17).
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Proverbs 1:2 open_in_new
To know. For discerning. So in verses: Proverbs 1:3; Proverbs 1:4; Proverbs 1:6.
wisdom. Hebrew. chokmah. There are six words rendered "wisdom" in this book.
(1) chokmah, rendered "wisdom" except in the passages below. It occurs thirty-nine times in singular, and three times in plural (Proverbs 1:20; Proverbs 9:1; Proverbs 24:7. true wisdom); forty-two times altogether (6x7. See App-10).
(2) binah. discernment or discrimination. Once rendered "wisdom" (Proverbs 23:4). Elsewhere, in twelve passages rendered "understanding"; once "knowledge" (Proverbs 2:3).
(3) leb. heart; rendered "wisdom" four times (Proverbs 10:21; Proverbs 11:12; Proverbs 15:21; Proverbs 19:8).
(4) 'armah = shrewdness; rendered "wisdom" only in Proverbs 8:5. elsewhere only in Proverbs 1:4 rendered "subtilty"; Proverbs 1:12 rendered "prudence",
(5) sahal. prudence, or good sense, rendered "wisdom" once (Proverbs 1:3); and
(6) sekel = insight, rendered "wisdom" (Proverbs 12:8; Proverbs 23:9); elsewhere rendered "understanding" (Proverbs 3:4; Proverbs 13:15; Proverbs 16:22), and "prudence" (Proverbs 19:11). For "sound wisdom", see note on Proverbs 2:7.
instruction. admonition or discipline. Sometimes rendered "chastening".
words. sayings. Hebrew. 'imrah. See App-73.
understanding. Hebrew. binah. See note on "wisdom", Proverbs 1:2.
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Proverbs 1:3 open_in_new
wisdom. Hebrew. sakal. See note on Proverbs 1:2 (No. 5), above.
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Proverbs 1:4 open_in_new
subtilty. prudence. Same root as Genesis 3:1. Compare Matthew 10:16; 1 Samuel 23:22. Not the same word as Genesis 27:35.
simple. artless, guileless, unsuspecting. Compare verses: Proverbs 1:22; Proverbs 1:32; Proverbs 1:7; Proverbs 8:5; Proverbs 9:4; Proverbs 9:16; Proverbs 14:15; Proverbs 14:18; Proverbs 19:25; Proverbs 21:11; Proverbs 22:3; Proverbs 27:12.
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Proverbs 1:5 open_in_new
will hear. Illustrations: Eunuch (Acts 8:27; Acts 8:39): Sergius Paulus (Acts 13:7); the Bereans (Acts 17:11; Acts 17:12); Apollos (Acts 18:24-28).
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Proverbs 1:6 open_in_new
the interpretation. satire, or the point of what is said. Occurs only here and Habakkuk 2:6.
words. Hebrew. dabar. App-73.
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Proverbs 1:7 open_in_new
fear. reverence. This expression occurs fourteen times in Proverbs (Proverbs 1:7; Proverbs 1:29; Proverbs 2:5; Proverbs 8:13; Proverbs 9:10; Proverbs 10:27; Proverbs 14:26; Proverbs 14:27; Proverbs 15:16; Proverbs 15:33; Proverbs 16:6; Proverbs 19:23; Proverbs 22:4; Proverbs 23:17). See App-75.
the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4.
the beginning. And only the "beginning", not the end. It is not "wisdom" itself. True wisdom is to justify God and condemn oneself. See note on Job 28:28, and Compare Proverbs 9:10; Psalms 111:10.
fools. Hebrew. 'evil. In this book three Hebrew words are rendered "fools": (1). evil. lax or careless habit of mind and body. Occurs nineteen times in Proverbs, viz. here, Proverbs 7:22; Proverbs 10:8; Proverbs 10:10; Proverbs 10:14; Proverbs 10:21; Proverbs 11:29; Proverbs 12:15; Proverbs 12:16; Proverbs 14:3; Proverbs 14:9; Proverbs 15:5; Proverbs 16:22; Proverbs 17:28; Proverbs 20:3; Proverbs 24:7; Proverbs 27:3; Proverbs 27:22; Proverbs 29:9. (2) kesil = fat, and then dense, or stupid, which comes of it, showing itself in impiety. Occurs forty-nine times in Proverbs, viz. verses: Proverbs 1:22; Proverbs 1:32, Pro 1:35. Proverbs 8:5; Proverbs 10:1; Proverbs 10:18; Proverbs 10:23; Proverbs 12:23; Proverbs 13:16; Proverbs 13:19; Proverbs 13:20; Proverbs 14:7; Proverbs 14:8; Proverbs 14:16; Proverbs 14:24; Proverbs 14:33; Proverbs 15:2; Proverbs 15:7; Proverbs 15:14; Proverbs 15:20; Proverbs 17:10; Proverbs 17:12; Proverbs 17:16; Proverbs 17:21; Proverbs 17:24; Proverbs 17:25; Proverbs 18:2; Proverbs 18:6; Proverbs 18:7; Proverbs 19:1; Proverbs 19:10; Proverbs 19:13; Proverbs 19:29; Proverbs 21:20; Proverbs 23:9; Proverbs 26:1; Proverbs 26:3; Proverbs 26:4; Proverbs 26:5; Proverbs 26:6; Proverbs 26:7; Proverbs 26:8; Proverbs 26:9; Proverbs 26:10; Proverbs 26:11; Proverbs 26:12; Proverbs 28:26; Proverbs 29:11; Proverbs 29:20. and eighteen times in Ecclesiastes. (3) nabal =. vulgar churl. Occurs only three times in Proverbs: viz. Proverbs 17:7; Proverbs 17:21; Proverbs 30:22. not in Ecclesiastes.
despise. have always despised, &c. Illustrations: Cain (Genesis 4:6-8); Hophni and Phinehas (1 Samuel 2:12; 1 Samuel 2:25); Nabal (1 Samuel 25:25); Rehoboam (1 Kings 12:13); Athenians (Acts 17:18; Acts 17:32); Jews and Greeks (1 Corinthians 1:18; 1 Corinthians 1:23; 1 Corinthians 1:24).
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Proverbs 1:8 open_in_new
My son. See the Structure (p. 864) for the portions so addressed (Proverbs 1:6; Proverbs 1:9; Proverbs 1:18. Pro 19:20-34. Proverbs 27:1, Pro 27:29, Proverbs 27:27; Proverbs 30:1; Proverbs 30:31; Proverbs 30:31). Occurs fifteen times in this member. hear, &c. Illustrations: Isaac (Genesis 48:15); Moses (Hebrews 11:23); Samuel (1 Samuel 1:28; 1 Samuel 2:18; 1 Samuel 3:19-21); Timothy (2Ti 1:5. 2 Timothy 3:15.Acts 16:1; Acts 16:2).
thy father. The address is educational, this being the duty of the father, corresponding with Proverbs 31:1-9, as contrasted with "the words of the wise", also addressed to "my son" (Proverbs 19:20; Proverbs 19:24, Pro 19:34. Proverbs 27:1, Pro 27:29, Proverbs 27:27).
thy mother. Compare Proverbs 31:1-9.
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Proverbs 1:9 open_in_new
they: i.e. instruction and law.
ornament. garland.
neck. Showing cheerful and willing obedience, in contrast with stiffneckedness (Exodus 32:9) and pride (Isaiah 3:16). See also Genesis 41:42.
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Proverbs 1:10 open_in_new
sinners. Hebrew. chata'. App-44.
Consent thou not: Illustrations: Joseph (Genesis 39:9; Genesis 39:10); prophet (1 Kings 13:8; 1 Kings 13:9); Jehoshaphat (1 Kings 22:49, contrast 2 Chronicles 18:2; 2 Chronicles 20:35-37); Joash (2 Chronicles 24:17; 2 Chronicles 24:18).
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Proverbs 1:11 open_in_new
blood. Figure of speech Metalepsis (App-6), "blood" put for bloodshedding, and then bloodshedding put for the one whose blood was shed. See Isaiah 33:15.
the innocent. an innocent one (singular)
without cause. Compare John 15:25.
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Proverbs 1:12 open_in_new
the grave. Hebrew. sheol. App-35.
pit. Hebrew. bor,. hole bored or dug. Hence. dry pit or grave. Compare Genesis 37:20.
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Proverbs 1:15 open_in_new
path. Some codices, with Aramaean, Septuagint, Syr, and Vulgate, read "paths" (plural)
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Proverbs 1:16 open_in_new
their feet. they. Put by Figure of speech Synecdoche (of the Part), App-6, for the persons who run. Quoted in Romans 3:15. evil. mischief. Hebrew. rcl'a'. App-44.
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Proverbs 1:17 open_in_new
in vain, &c.. it avails not. Figure of speech Paroemia. App-6. The sight of the net does not deter the birds. They (emphatic) still go on to their capture and death. The next verse requires this sense. So men go on in their evil ways, though they know it is to their own ruin (Proverbs 1:18).
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Proverbs 1:18 open_in_new
lives. souls. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13.
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Proverbs 1:19 open_in_new
life. soul. Hebrew. nephesh. App-13.
owners. Hebrew. ba'al, as in Proverbs 1:17. The "owners" of. soul are like the "owners" of wings, and are caught in their own trap with their eyes open.
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Proverbs 1:20 open_in_new
(20-33) (Note the Extended Alternation in these verses). 21. The Call made. Expostulation of Wisdom with the simple. Promise to hearers. 25. The Call made. Expostulation of Wisdom with refusers. Promise to hearers.
Wisdom. Hebrew. chokmah. See note on Proverbs 1:2.
without. The emphasis is on the publicity of her call.
streets. open or broad places, especially about the city gates (Deuteronomy 13:16), or open squares. Genesis 19:2.Judges 19:15, Jdg 19:20. 2 Chronicles 29:4, &c.
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Proverbs 1:21 open_in_new
saying. The Ellipsis of this verb has frequently to be supplied. See note on Psalms 109:5.
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Proverbs 1:22 open_in_new
love. The second feature. The first was ignorance in Proverbs 1:7.
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Proverbs 1:23 open_in_new
Turn, &c.. Turn [and listen to] my reproof.
Behold. Figure of speech Asterismos (App-6), to emphasize the conditional promise.
spirit. Hebrew. ruach. App-9. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Subject) for all spiritual blessings.
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Proverbs 1:24 open_in_new
refused: i.e. refused [to hear], verses: Proverbs 1:24-33.
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Proverbs 1:26 open_in_new
I: i.e. I, Wisdom.
fear. what you fear. "Fear" put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Cause) App-6, for the calamity which produced the fear. Note the Introversion in Hebrew of "fear", "desolation", "destruction", "anguish", in verses: Proverbs 1:26; Proverbs 1:27.
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Proverbs 1:27 open_in_new
desolation. tempest.
destruction. calamity.
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Proverbs 1:28 open_in_new
Then, &c. Illustration: Israel (Deuteronomy 1:45; Deuteronomy 1:46). See also Isaiah 1:15.Jeremiah 11:11.Ezekiel 8:18; Hosea 5:6.
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Proverbs 1:29 open_in_new
For that. Forasmuch as.
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Proverbs 1:31 open_in_new
Therefore, &c. Illustrations: Israel (Numbers 11:4-6 ;. Psalms 106:13; Psalms 106:14. Compare Numbers 11:20-23 and Psalms 106:15. See also Numbers 14:44; Numbers 14:45). Under Samuel (1Sa 8:7, 1 Samuel 8:19.
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Proverbs 1:32 open_in_new
shall slay them. Illustrations: Israel (Deuteronomy 32:15-25.Hosea 13:6-8; Hosea 13:6-8); Babylon (Isaiah 47:7-9); Moab (Jeremiah 48:11-15); Sodom (Ezekiel 16:49); Tyre (Ezekiel 28:2; Ezekiel 28:7).
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Proverbs 1:33 open_in_new
shall dwell safely. Illustrations: Noah (Genesis 6:22; Genesis 7:23.Hebrews 11:7; Hebrews 11:7); Shadrach, &c. (Daniel 3:25.Psalms 138:7; Psalms 138:7); Daniel (Daniel 6:10; Daniel 6:22.Psalms 119:10; Psalms 119:10); Christ's sheep (John 10:28).
evil. Hebrew. ra'a'. App-44.