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Proverbs 19:1 open_in_new
Better. See note on Proverbs 8:11.
the poor. a needy one. Hebrew. rush. See note on Proverbs 6:11. Same as in verses: Proverbs 19:7; Proverbs 19:22. not the same as in verses: Proverbs 19:4; Proverbs 19:17.
he that is. Figure of speech Ellipsis (App-6), better supplied thus: "Than [the rich that is] perverse", &c.
lips. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Cause), for what is spoken by them.
fool. Hebrew. kesil. See note on Proverbs 1:7. Same word as in verses: Proverbs 19:10; Proverbs 19:13; Proverbs 19:29. not the same as in Proverbs 19:3.
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Proverbs 19:2 open_in_new
not good. Illustrations: Syrians (1 Kings 20:28); Jews (Isaiah 5:12; Isaiah 5:13); Saul (1 Timothy 1:13.Acts 26:11; Acts 26:11); People and Priests (Hosea 4:6); Pharisees (Matthew 12:7); Judah (Hosea 6:6); Peter (Matthew 16:22); the rulers (Acts 13:27; 1 Corinthians 2:8); Job (Job 33:8; Job 33:9; Job 34:5; Job 34:9; Job 34:35; Job 35:16; Job 42:3; Job 42:5; Job 42:6); Hezekiah (2 Chronicles 32:31); Peter (Luke 22:33; Luke 22:34).
hasteth, &c. Illustrations: Joshua (Joshua 9:15); Saul (1 Samuel 13:9 1 Samuel 13:10, 1 Samuel 13:13; 1 Samuel 13:14; 1 Samuel 14:24-45); David (2 Samuel 16:4); the Prophet (1 Kings 13:18; 1 Kings 13:19); Peter (John 18:10).
sinneth. Hebrew. chata App-44.
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Proverbs 19:3 open_in_new
foolishness. Hebrew. 'evil. See note on Proverbs 1:7. Not the same word as in verses: Proverbs 19:1; Proverbs 19:10; Proverbs 19:13; Proverbs 1:29.
man. Hebrew. 'adam. App-14.
perverteth: or subverteth.
fretteth against. is angry with. Illustrations: Adam (Genesis 3:12); Cain (Genesis 4:13; Genesis 4:14); Jehoram (2 Kings 3:10; 2 Kings 3:13; 2 Kings 6:33); Jonah (Jonah 4:1; Jonah 4:4; Jonah 4:9); Israel (Numbers 14:2; Numbers 14:3; Numbers 20:2-5; Numbers 21:4-6; Deuteronomy 9:23; Deuteronomy 9:24).
the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4.
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Proverbs 19:4 open_in_new
the poor. a weak one. Hebrew. dal. See note on Proverbs 6:11. Same word as in Proverbs 19:17. not the same word as in verses: Proverbs 19:1; Proverbs 19:7; Proverbs 19:22.
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Proverbs 19:5 open_in_new
unpunished. acquitted, or held innocent.
speaketh. breatheth forth.
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Proverbs 19:6 open_in_new
him that giveth gifts. Hebrew. man of gifts. a generous man.
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Proverbs 19:7 open_in_new
go far. withdraw.
pursueth, &c.: or, seeketh words [of friendship], but there are none.
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Proverbs 19:8 open_in_new
wisdom. Hebrew "heart", put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), for the understanding. See note on Proverbs 1:2.
understanding. Hebrew. btnah. See note on Proverbs 1:2.
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Proverbs 19:9 open_in_new
A false witness, &c. The repetition of Proverbs 19:6 is needed, and punishment is denned.
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Proverbs 19:10 open_in_new
Delight. Luxury.
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Proverbs 19:11 open_in_new
deferreth his anger. Illustrations: Joseph (Genesis 40:15); Moses (Numbers 12); David (1 Samuel 24; 1 Samuel 26:5, &c.); the Prophet (1 Kings 13:6, &c).
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Proverbs 19:12 open_in_new
dew. night mist.
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Proverbs 19:13 open_in_new
is the calamity. is. great trouble to. Hebrew "troubles" (plural) for great trouble. Figure of speech Metonymy (of Effect), put for action of the foolish son which brings it on.
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Proverbs 19:14 open_in_new
a prudent wife. See Proverbs 18:22.
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Proverbs 19:16 open_in_new
keepeth. guardeth.
die. die prematurely.
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Proverbs 19:18 open_in_new
Chasten. Correct, or discipline.
let not, &c. This is not. caution against excess of severity, but against. cruel kindness which ends in death, by withholding seasonable correction.
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Proverbs 19:19 open_in_new
A man of great wrath. one in. rage (compare Daniel 11:44. Compare 2 Kings 22:13).
shall suffer. suffereth.
suffer punishment. incurreth. penalty. Hebrew. 'onesh =. fine, or indemnity. (Oxford Gesenius).
thou deliver. thou rescue him [by paying the penalty] thou must do it continually.
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Proverbs 19:20 open_in_new
instruction. correction, or discipline.
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Proverbs 19:21 open_in_new
many devices. many schemes.
Nevertheless, &c. Illustrations: Joseph's brethren (Genesis 37:19, &c. Compare Psalms 76:10); Pharaoh (Exodus 1:10. Compare Exodus 15); the rulers (Matthew 27:63-66); Saul (Acts 9:1; Acts 9:2. Compare verses: Proverbs 19:3-9, &c.); Herod (Acts 12:1-3. Compare verses: Proverbs 19:5-19); the forty Jews (Acts 23:12-15).
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Proverbs 19:22 open_in_new
man. Hebrew. 'adam. App-14. This word stands in relation to 'ish in Proverbs 19:21, and to. poor man in next clause. here, the commonest sort of man, or ordinary man.
is, &c.. is [measured by] his kindness.
better. See note on Proverbs 8:11.
a liar. Hebrew an 'ish [a man of the better sort who is]. liar. This proverb does not "remain. riddle".
The structure above is addressed to "My Son" Proverbs 19:27; Proverbs 23:15; Proverbs 23:19; Proverbs 23:26; Proverbs 24:13; Proverbs 24:21); and is all in the Second Person: "THOU" (Proverbs 19:20; Proverbs 22:24; Proverbs 22:25; Proverbs 22:26; Proverbs 22:27; Proverbs 23:1; Proverbs 23:5; Proverbs 23:6; Proverbs 23:13; Proverbs 23:14; Proverbs 23:19; Proverbs 23:31; Proverbs 23:34; Proverbs 24:1; Proverbs 24:10; Proverbs 24:11; Proverbs 24:12); "THEE" (Proverbs 22:19; Proverbs 22:20; Proverbs 22:21; Proverbs 22:27; Proverbs 23:7); "THY" (Proverbs 22:18; Proverbs 23:16; Proverbs 23:22; Proverbs 23:25; Proverbs 24:10; Proverbs 24:27; Proverbs 24:34); "THINE" (Proverbs 23:12; Proverbs 23:15; Proverbs 23:17; Proverbs 23:18; Proverbs 23:19; Proverbs 23:33); "THYSELF" (Proverbs 24:27).
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Proverbs 19:23 open_in_new
The fear of the LORD. See note on Proverbs 1:7.
life. Hebrew, plural implying resurrection and eternal life.
evil. Hebrew. ra'a'. App-44.
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Proverbs 19:24 open_in_new
bosom. bowl or wide dish. 2 Kings 21:13. Compare Matthew 26:23.
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Proverbs 19:25 open_in_new
scorner. scoffer.
will beware. will be made wise (note the force of the Hiphil). Illustrations: Israel (Exodus 14:31); the stubborn (Deuteronomy 21:21); Gibeonites (Joshua 9:3); Sergius Paulus (Acts 13:6-12).
reprove. set right.
and he will understand knowledge. will cause teaching to be discerned. Compare Proverbs 22:17.
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Proverbs 19:26 open_in_new
wasteth. preyeth upon.
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Proverbs 19:27 open_in_new
my son. The presence of this word here and in Proverbs 23:15; Proverbs 23:19; Proverbs 23:26; Proverbs 24:13; Proverbs 24:21, together with the employment of the second person, shows that these are proverbs for Solomon. See note under Structure above.
words. sayings. Hebrew. imrah. App-73.
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Proverbs 19:28 open_in_new
An ungodly witness. Hebrew "A witness of Belial": i.e.. false witness.
mouth. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Cause), App-6, for the witness given by it.
the wicked. lawless ones. Hebrew. rasha'. App-44.