‘ And when the day of Pentecost was now come, they were all together in one place.'
The day of this event is clearly stated. It was on the Day of Pentecost, the Day of the Feast of Harvest, when Jerusalem would be filled with visitors, many of whom would flock to the Temple. But interestingly the place where it occurred is not mentioned (one of Luke's silences). It was, however, a place where the one hundred and twenty could gather, and where three thousand hearers could be converted.
‘In one place.' As regularly with Luke's silences, the place is not difficult to determine. It must have been in the collonades of the Temple where they had regularly met for prayer. But Luke does not want us to be distracted from what really happened, and the reason for his silence is probably an important one. Concentration is not now to be on the old Temple but on the new. Indeed he does not want to mention the old Temple because it is now being replaced by the Temple of His people who will from now on be the dwellingplace of God's Holy Spirit (1Co 3:16; 1 Corinthians 6:19; 2 Corinthians 6:16-18; Ephesians 2:11-22). The centre of their worship will no longer be the old Temple, but the place of prayer and worship through the Spirit wherever they may be. The old Temple is being left behind. Note how the fire does not descend on the Sanctuary, as it did of old, but on the new people of God.
‘They.' Some seek to limit this to the Apostles, referring it back to the phrase ‘the eleven Apostles' in Acts 1:26. But from Acts 1:15 on all the stress has been on ‘the disciples', whom Luke then immediately defined in terms of the one hundred and twenty, the ‘men and brothers (and sisters)' of Acts 1:16, described as ‘they' in Acts 2:23-24; Acts 2:26 a. These must surely then also be the ‘they' mentioned here.