The Warning of Betrayal (22:21-23).
Connected with His important words to do with the bread and the wine Jesus declares that among those who have received the bread and wine is one who will betray Him. Here was the second element in His suffering, that as He sat and watched, Judas had eaten the bread and drunk the wine. It must have almost broken His heart. But His words would run like an electric shock through the gathered disciples. And they would look from one to another wondering who it could possibly be who would betray Him. It is clear that they did not suspect Judas. Judas' mercenary mind was not as apparent to them as it was to Jesus. And after all, he was the group's treasurer. He had to be interested in finance. (If he had stolen from the common purse, as John suggests (John 12:6), this would only have become apparent after he had handed it over to someone else, if indeed he ever did).
In Mark these words appear before the words concerning the bread and the wine. It is of course always possible that they were spoken twice in slightly different form as a dual warning to Judas. Indeed Luke's comment does almost look like a reminder of something that He has said before (with Luke 22:22 possibly introduced from the earlier mention in order to bring out was said before). Alternately we might consider that Luke or his source places them here in order to bring out the contrast with the significance of the bread and wine, or in order to tie in with the parallel with Peter in the chiasmus, or that Mark, whose account is very brief wants to present the giving of the bread and wine as the final and focal point of the meal. For neither put chronology first in their presentations except in certain specific sequences where it enhanced the message. We might feel that chronologically speaking the order here is the most likely. Would Jesus not want to complete the eating of the Passover, and the establishing of the new order, before He moved on to more controversial topics? But the question is not of great moment. What matters is that, whether before or after the meal, it happened. Analysis.
a “Behold, the hand of him who betrays Me is with Me on the table” (Luke 22:21).
b “For the Son of man indeed goes, as it has been determined, but woe to that man through whom He is betrayed!” (Luke 22:22).
a And they began to question among themselves, which of them it was who would do this thing (Luke 22:23).
Note that in ‘a' He declares that the betrayer is reclining at the table, and in the parallel those reclining at the table ask themselves who it might be. Central is the declaration concerning the traitor and his action. The Son of Man is indeed going, it is determined by God, but woe to the one through whom He is betrayed.