Upon the shoulders of the ephod, i.e. in the place where the two shoulder-pieces were joined together. Before the Lord; into the holy of holies: an evident type of Christ's entering into heaven with the names and in the stead of his people, the true Israel, upon his shoulders, and presenting them to his Father with acceptance. For a memorial; not so much to the high priest, that he should not forget to pray for them, as to God, that he, beholding their names there, according to his order, might graciously remember them, and show mercy unto them. Such a memorial to God was the rainbow, Genesis 9:13. Such things are spoken of God after the manner of men.
Related Commentaries of Exodus 28:12
Exodus 28:12
12 And thou shalt put the two stones upon the shoulders of the ephod for stones of memorial unto the children of Israel: and Aaron shall bear their names before the LORD upon his two shoulders for a memorial.