Their work, i.e. their evil works, as the next clause explains and limits it. By these afflictions he brings them to a sight of their sins and to repentance, which is the way and means of their recovery. That they have exceeded; that they have greatly sinned by abusing their power and prosperity; which even good men are too prone to do.
Related Commentaries of Job 36:9
Job 36:9
9 Then he sheweth them their work, and their transgressions that they have exceeded.