The king; I, who am already anointed king, and who shall be actually king, when these mine enemies are fallen by the sword. He speaks of himself in the third person, either out of modesty or out of prudence, because it was ambiguous, and might be understood either of himself or of Saul, whereby, he might avoid the envy of the expression, if this Psalm was composed before he was king. That sweareth by him; either,
1. By the king; by whom they sometimes did swear, as \\Genesis 42:15 2 Samuel 15:21. But they did also swear by some other persons, of eminent place and authority, though under the king, as 1 Samuel 1:26, 1 Samuel 20:3. Nor is it likely that the psalmist would justify those kinds of oaths; this practice of swearing by one's name being accounted a part of that worship which is proper to God, both in the Old and New Testament. If this were meant of the king, it might better be rendered, that sweareth it, (for so the particle beth is sometimes used) him, as subjects used to swear homage to their prince. So the sense is, all those that shall own me for their king. Or,
2. By God, who was last mentioned, that sweareth by the name of God, to wit, in truth, and judgment, and righteousness, as it is expressed, Jeremiah 4:2, i.e. every sincere servant and worshipper of God; swearing being oft put for the whole worship of God, whereof it is a considerable part, and swearers by God for worshippers of him, as Isaiah 19:18, Isaiah 45:23, compared with Romans 14:11 Isaiah 65:16. Shall glory; shall rejoice in my deliverance and exaltation, both for their respect to the honour and service of God, which I shall advance, and for the benefits which all good men and the whole kingdom shall feel by my government; whereas in Saul's time the vilest men were exalted, and good men oppressed and persecuted, and the whole kingdom groaned under his tyranny. That speak lies; that now make it their business to invent or spread lying and slanderous reports concerning me and others of God's people. Shall be stopped; I shall severely restrain and punish such wicked practices.