1 Samuel 16:19 - Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible

Saul sent messengers unto Jesse, &c.— The explanation of the chronology of this book given in the foregoing note, renders every difficulty clear and easy. David had vanquished the Philistine, was become a favourite of the people, and on that account the object of Saul's jealousy; to avoid the ill effects of which, he prudently retired. During his recess, Saul was seized with his disorder. His servants supposed that it might be alleviated by music; Saul consents to the remedy, and orders an artist to be sought for. They were acquainted with David's skill on the harp, and likewise with Saul's ill disposition towards him. It was a delicate point, which required address; and therefore they recommend him in that artful manner, 1 Samuel 16:16 which signifies, "As you must have one constantly in attendance both at court and in your military expeditions, to be always at hand on occasion, the son of Jesse will become both stations well: he will strengthen your camp, and adorn your court; for he is a tried soldier, and of a graceful presence. You have nothing to fear from his ambition; for you saw with what prudence he went into voluntary banishment, when his popularity had incurred your displeasure." Accordingly Saul is prevailed on; David is sent for, and succeeds with his music. This dissipates all former umbrage; and as one that was to be ever in attendance, he is made his armour-bearer. This sunshine continued till David's great successes awakened Saul's jealousy, and then the lifted javelin was to strike off all obligations. Thus we see how these difficulties are cleared up, and what light is thrown upon the whole history by the supposition of an anticipation in the latter part of this chapter; an anticipation the most natural, proper, and necessary, for the purpose of the historian. Div. Leg. vol. 3: p. 359 in the notes.