Exodus 32:9 - Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible

It is a stiff-necked people— An appellation frequently given to the Jews; who, like untamed and unruly oxen, would not bend and submit their necks to the yoke. Thy neck is an iron sinew, says the Lord by Isaiah, ch. Isaiah 48:4 alluding to the same idea. Compare Jeremiah 5:5.Hosea 4:16.