Ver. 1. The adversaries of Judah— That is, the Samaritans, who were planted in the several cities of Israel in the room of the Israelites, whom Shalmaneser, king of Assyria, had long before carried away captive.
Related Commentaries of Ezra 4:1
Ezra 4:1
1 Now when the adversaries of Judah and Benjamin heard that the childrena of the captivity builded the temple unto the LORD God of Israel;