DISCOURSE: 612
SORROWS AND SUFFERINGS OF CHRIST
Psalms 69:1-4. Save me, O God! for the waters are come in unto my soul. I sink in deep mire, where there is no standing: I am come into deep waters, where the floods overflow me. I am weary of my crying; my throat is dried: mine eyes fail, while I wait for my God. They that hate me without a cause are more than the hairs of mine head: they that would destroy me, being mine enemies wrongfully, are mighty. Then I restored that which I took not away.
SACRED is the retirement of a penitent, and hallowed is the sanctuary where he is pouring out his soul before God: nor could the most obdurate sinner overhear his confessions and supplications, his cries and tears, his importunate pleadings and heart-rending groans, without being filled with awe and reverence. Let us draw nigh then with holy awe to the recesses of that chamber, where, not a sinful creature like ourselves, but our incarnate God, the Saviour of the world, is pouring out his soul under a load of sins imputed to him, and of sorrows the punishment of sin [Note: Hebrews 5:7.]. He it is that in the psalm before us is saying, “Save me, O God! for the waters are come in unto my soul.” David, it is true, was the writer of the psalm; and in parts of it may be considered as speaking chiefly, if not entirely, of himself: but in other parts he speaks so entirely in the person of the Messiah whom he typified, that we can scarcely apply the words to any other. Nor whilst we assert this are we in any danger of erring; because our blessed Lord himself, and the Evangelists who wrote his life, and St. Paul also, all concur in putting this very construction upon the psalm, and in citing various parts of it as actually accomplished in Christ. “The zeal of thine house hath eaten me up [Note: John 2:17.],” is applied to Christ on one occasion; and on another, “They hated me without a cause [Note: John 15:25.].” His general deportment is said to have been predicted in those words, “The reproaches of them that reproached thee, fell on me [Note: Romans 15:3.].” At his crucifixion was fulfilled that remarkable prophecy, “They gave me gall for my meat, and in my thirst they gave me vinegar to drink [Note: John 19:29.].” Even to Judas who betrayed him is one portion of it applied, “Let his habitation be desolate, and let no man dwell therein [Note: Acts 1:20.].” After such authorities as these, we do not hesitate to interpret our text as referring to the sufferings of Christ, and as describing,
I. Their overwhelming nature—
If David, as a type, had many things to suffer, much more had that Saviour whom he typified. We will not however speak of his sufferings during the whole period of his sojourning on earth; but of those only which he endured in the closing scenes of his life, and which seem more particularly referred to in the psalm before us. That we may have a more distinct new of them, we will notice,
1. Those which were previous to his apprehension—
[“He had indeed a fearful prospect before him,” a bloody “baptism to be baptized with; and how was he straitened till it should be accomplished [Note: Luke 12:50.]!” When the time for its accomplishment drew nigh, his “soul was so troubled, that he knew not what to say.” As a man, he felt disposed to deprecate his sufferings, and to be saved from that hour that was fast approaching: but, as our Mediator, he would not recede, because he had come into the world for the express purpose of suffering all that was due to our sins [Note: John 12:27. with John 12:23; John 12:32-33.]. In the garden of Gethsemane his sorrows came yet more heavily upon him, so that he cried, “My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death [Note: Matthew 26:37-38.].” On this occasion he cried repeatedly, “O my Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me [Note: Matthew 26:39; Matthew 26:44.]!” And such was the agony of his soul, that “he sweat great drops of blood” from every pore of his body [Note: Luke 22:44.]. To this period in particular we may suppose the petitions in our text to refer: for then “he offered up his supplications with strong crying and tears [Note: Hebrews 5:7.]:” and such were the intenseness of his agony, and the ardour of his importunity, that “his throat was dried,” “his eyes failed,” his whole nature was exhausted [Note: ver. 3.], and he needed “an angel to be sent from heaven to strengthen him [Note: Luke 22:43.].” It must be remembered, that in all this time no man had approached to hurt him: and therefore we are sure that his sorrows proceeded from “the powers of darkness” who were now let loose upon him [Note: Luke 22:53.], and from the hand of God himself, who now concurred to inflict upon him [Note: Isaiah 53:10.] the curse due to our iniquities [Note: Galatians 3:13.], which by a covenant-engagement he had undertaken to sustain [Note: Psalms 40:6-8.]
2. Those which he sustained during his trial—
[It was no slight aggravation of his troubles that he was betrayed into the hands of his murderers by a kiss from one of his own disciples, and that “one who had eaten bread with him lifted up his heel against him [Note: John 13:18.].” And when he was seized and bound, he was yet further wounded in his soul by the intemperate zeal of another of his disciples, who, instead of submitting with meekness to the will of God, sought to destroy the adversaries of his Lord [Note: Matthew 26:51-52.]. From the garden he was hurried to the palace of the high priest, and, subsequently, from one tribunal to another, only to be treated with all manner of indignities, and to be denied that justice which his judges pretended to administer. How inconceivably painful to his mind must it have been, to be arrayed in mock majesty, to be made an object of profane scoffing, to be smitten, and buffeted, and spit upon, and loaded with all manner of accusations, and all this time not to have so much as one of the many myriads whom he had healed to bear testimony in his favour [Note: ver. 20.]; yea, even his own disciples having forsaken him, one indeed excepted, whose presence only aggravated his sorrow, by his impious oaths, and pertinacious denial of his Lord. Even a measure that was adopted with a view to preserve his life, became a source of still more aggravated woe. Pilate hoped, that, by scourging him, he should pacify those who sought his life: and, the order being given, “the ploughers ploughed upon his back and made long their furrows [Note: Psalms 129:3.]:” but “the whole multitude with insatiate fury cried out, Crucify him, crucify him [Note: See ver. 4.]!” and demanded that Barabbas, who was a robber and a murderer, should be preferred before him. Thus was the immaculate Lamb of God condemned to suffer the most cruel and ignominious of all deaths, even the accursed death of the cross.]
3. Those which were consummated in his death—
[From Pilate’s bar he was dragged away to execution. Laden with the cross to which he was to be affixed, he sank under the load, which therefore another was compelled to bear to the place of execution. To this he was fastened with nails through his hands and feet; and then was he raised a naked bloody spectacle to all his enemies. Ah! with what taunts was he then assailed, assailed even by the thieves, who on either side of him were suffering the same punishment! One would have thought that in such a situation at least he might become an object of pity: but no pity was found in the hearts of his blood-thirsty enemies: and their professed readiness to assuage his anguish, was only an impious mockery, and a cruel insult: they gave him “gall and vinegar to drink [Note: ver. 21.].” But the heaviest load which he had to sustain was laid upon him by other hands than those of man, even by the hands of his heavenly Father. Man could only touch his body: the wounds inflicted on his soul proceeded immediately from God, who then “was pleased to bruise him,” and to punish in him the iniquities of a ruined world. All his other sufferings he endured with lamb-like silence: but this forced from him that heart-rending complaint, “My God, my God! why hast thou forsaken me?” The darkness which at mid-day, for the space of three hours, veiled the whole land, was a sad emblem of his state, under the agonies of expiring nature, and the wrath of a sin-avenging God. At last, having drunk the very last dregs of that cup which had been put into his hands, he bows his head, and gives up the ghost. “Was ever sorrow like unto his sorrow [Note: .]; and determined him to preserve an undaunted spirit, however great or multiplied his trials might be [Note: Psalms 27:1; Psalms 27:3.]. Paul also, in the view of certain and accumulated troubles, could say, “None of these things move me [Note: Acts 20:23-24.].” Thus may every believer triumph. The man who trusts in God is in an impregnable fortress, that has salvation for walls and bulwarks [Note: Isaiah 26:1.Psalms 125:1; Psalms 125:2.]. If only our eyes be opened to see clearly, we may behold ourselves, like Elisha, encompassed with chariots of fire and horses of fire; and may laugh at the impotent attempts of men or devils [Note: 2 Kings 6:16-17.]
The more immediate scope of the prophecy is to declare,
II.
His comfort in death—
Our blessed Lord submitted cheerfully to his death in a certain expectation of a speedy resurrection—
[Greatly as he was oppressed and overwhelmed with sorrow, he yet restrained not his tongue [Note: This is meant by “my glory” rejoiceth.] from joyful acknowledgments. His last discourses, and his intercessory prayer, abundantly testify the composure of his spirit, and the elevation of his mind. Look we for the ground of his consolation? we shall find it in those repeated expressions, “I go to my Father;” “Father, I come to thee [Note: John 16:28; John 17:11.].” He knew that his flesh, that holy thing formed in the virgin’s womb [Note: Luke 1:35.], and which he gave for the life of the world [Note: John 6:51.], should never become an abomination [Note: Christ’s resurrection on the third day was typified by that ordinance of the law, Leviticus 7:17-18.], but that, though immured in the silent tomb, it should be raised thence, before it could corrupt: and that his soul, though separate from it for a season, should soon be re-united to it, to be a joint partaker of the same kingdom and glory.]
Such consolation too have all his members in a dying hour—
[Christ rose, not as a private individual, but as “the first-fruits of them that slept [Note: 1 Corinthians 15:20.].” And every one that believes in him may consider death as a sleep, and the grave as a bed whereon he is to rest [Note: Acts 7:60; Isaiah 57:2.] till the morning of the resurrection. The bodies of the saints are indeed doomed to death and corruption on account of sin [Note: Romans 8:10.]: but they shall be raised again, and fashioned like unto Christ’s glorious body [Note: Philippians 3:21.]: this corruptible shall put on incorruption, and this mortal shall put on immortality [Note: 1 Corinthians 15:53-54.]. In expectation of this, the martyrs of old would not accept deliverance, that they might obtain a better resurrection [Note: Hebrews 11:35.]: and, in the hope of it, we also may put off this tabernacle with joy, knowing that it shall be reared anew in a far better form [Note: 2 Corinthians 5:1-2.].”]
Connected with this hope in his death, we behold,
III.
His prospect in eternity—
The state to which Jesus was to rise was a state of inconceivable and endless glory—
[No sooner were death and the grave vanquished by Jesus in the resurrection, and he was thereby “declared to be the Son of God with power,” than the way to the regions of glory was opened to him; that way, which, with myriads of attendant angels, he trod soon afterwards, that he might receive all the fruits of his victorious death. Then sat he down at the right hand of his Father, not any more to taste a cup of sorrow, but to possess a fulness and perpetuity of unutterable joy. Blessed prospect! well might he be animated by it in the midst of all his trials; and, for the joy set before him, endure the cross, and despise the shame [Note: Hebrews 12:2.]
Such too are the delightful prospects of all his saints—
[They see, in the death and resurrection of Christ, the way to heaven opened: and, if they look to him as the resurrection and the life [Note: John 11:25-26.], a fulness and perpetuity of joy awaits them also at their departure hence. Who can conceive what happiness they will feel in the vision and fruition of their God [Note: Revelation 21:3-4; Revelation 21:21-22.]? Well may they long “to depart, that they may be with Christ;” and account all their afflictions light and momentary, in the view of that far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory, with which they will be crowned in the day of the Lord Jesus [Note: 2 Corinthians 4:17-18.]
Infer,
1.
What rich sources of consolation does faith open to believers under all their troubles!
[Faith beholds God always present, always active, to succour his people: it looks forward also to the future state both of body and soul, enabling us to weigh the concerns of time and eternity in the scale together, and thereby to see the vanity of the one in comparison of the other. To be happy, therefore, we must live by faith.]
2. How certain is the salvation of those who believe in Christ!
[If Jesus be the Messiah, and have in himself a sufficiency for the salvation of his people, then have we nothing to do but to believe in him. But St. Peter, quoting the entire text, infers from it the certainty of his Messiahship [Note: Acts 2:25-28; Acts 2:36.]; and St. Paul, referring to the same, infers his sufficiency to save his people [Note: Acts 13:35-39.]. Let us then make him our refuge, our foundation, and our ALL.]