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Isaiah 58:1-14 open_in_new
2. Did righteousness] i.e. kept the law. They are ready enough for the external requirements of religion.
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Isaiah 58:3 open_in_new
The questions express surprise that the fast is without effect.
Find pleasure, etc.] render, 'carry on business and oppress all your labourers.' With all their professions of self-denial they are selfish.
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Isaiah 58:4 open_in_new
For strife] i.e. strife is the result of this formal fasting. Ye shall not, etc.] RV 'ye fast not this day so as to make your voice,' etc.
5-7. Literal fasting is not here excluded, but the prophet declares its uselessness when divorced from the spirit of love. Our Lord in the Sermon on the Mount closely connects fasting and almsgiving (Matthew 6:1; Matthew 6:16).
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Isaiah 58:6 open_in_new
The heavy burdens] RV 'the bands of the yoke.'
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Isaiah 58:8 open_in_new
Health] RV 'healing.' Thy righteousness] i.e. thy inward personal righteousness: cp. Isaiah 1:27 or, perhaps, 'thy justification in the eyes of the world': cp. Isaiah 54:17; Shall be thy rereward] i.e. shall protect thee. The allusion is to the exodus, when the visible manifestation of Jehovah's presence was a defence to the Israelites from the Egyptians pursuing in the rear (Exodus 14:19). Rereward] i.e. rearguard.
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Isaiah 58:9 open_in_new
Yoke] i.e. of enforced or oppressive labour. Putting.. finger] i.e. in scorn. Vanity] RV 'wickedly.'
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Isaiah 58:10 open_in_new
Draw out, etc.] i.e. supply to the hungry such things as thou thyself desirest.
11. Fat] RV 'strong.'
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Isaiah 58:12 open_in_new
Primarily the prophet contemplates the restoration of the ruined buildings of Jerusalem, but the wider spiritual application of his words is obvious. The faithful soul is not only itself fruitful (Isaiah 58:11), but a means of bringing help and blessing to others.
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Isaiah 58:13 open_in_new
Turn away thy foot from the sabbath] so as not to profane it.
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Isaiah 58:14 open_in_new
Cause thee, etc.] i.e. give thee triumphant possession of the land.