Thus my heart was grieved,.... Not with his own sins, nor with the sins of the wicked, but at their prosperity; for this is an account of himself, while under the temptation, and before he went into the sanctuary of the Lord; or when he was "leavened" r, with the old leaven of wickedness, and envy, and indignation; he was in a ferment, so Plautus s uses the phrase for being in anger and wrath; he swelled, as what is leavened does, against God and his providence: or was "soured" t; he was out of humour and angry with God, or was exasperated and provoked at the favours bestowed upon the wicked. Some render it "inflamed" u, made hot; not with the love of God, and meditation upon it, but with wrath and indignation:
and I was pricked in my reins; disturbed and distracted in his thoughts, felt a great deal of pain in his mind, while he was considering the prosperity of the wicked; which was as a sword in his bones, and as an arrow shot into his reins; see Lamentations 3:13.
r יתחמץ "effervesceret fermenti instar", Tigurine version; "in fermento esset", Cocceius; so Ainsworth. s Casina, Act. 2. Sc. 5. v. 17. t Acescet Montanus; "quasi aceto acri perfundebatur", Vatablus. u "Inflammatum est", V. L.