And when the time was that Elkanah offered, he gave to Peninnah his wife, and to all her sons and her daughters, portions:
When ... Elkanah offered, he gave ... portions. The offerer received back the greater hart of the peace-offerings, which he and his family or friends were accustomed to eat at a social feast before the Lord (see the note at Leviticus 3:7; Deuteronomy 12:12). It was out of these consecrated viands Elkanah gave portions to all the members of his family; but
Unto Hannah he gave a worthy portion, х maanaah (H4490) 'achat (H259) 'apaayim (H639), a portion of two persons; i:e., a double portion], according to the Eastern fashion of showing regard to beloved or distinguished guests (see the note at 1 Samuel 9:23-24; also Genesis 43:34).