And her adversary also provoked her sore, for to make her fret, because the LORD had shut up her womb.
Her adversary also provoked her sore, х tsaaraataah (H6869), her rival]. The conduct of Peninnah was most unbecoming. But domestic broils in the houses of polygamists are of frequent occurrence, and the most fruitful cause of them has always been jealousy of the husband's superior affection, as in this case of Hannah. 'Disagreements frequently arise also from jealousy about offspring: the wife who has no children (cf. Genesis 30:1), or who has only daughters, looks with hatred and envy on the mother rejoicing over an infant boy; and I can fully realize the passionate despair of Hannah when provoked by Peninnah' (Rogers' 'Domestic Life in Palestine,' p. 106).