That pant after the dust of the earth on the head of the poor, and turn aside the way of the meek: and a man and his father will go in unto the same maid, to profane my holy name:
That pant after the dust of the earth on the head of the poor - i:e., they eagerly thirst for (so "pant" means to 'hasten,' margin, Ecclesiastes 1:5) this object, namely, by their oppression to prostrate the poor, so as to cast the dust of the earth on their heads in mourning; or, they eagerly try to tread down on the earth, and sprinkle with the dust of their feet, the head of the poor (Mercer): or these creditors grudge to the poor debtor even the dust which, as a mourner, he strewed on his head, since it too was earth (Pusey). I prefer the first view as simplest (cf. 2 Samuel 1:2; Job 2:12; Ezekiel 27:30).
And turn aside the way of the meek - pervert their cause (Amos 5:12, "They turn aside the poor in the gate from their right;" Job 24:4, "They turn the needy out of the way;" Isaiah 10:2; Grotius.
A man and his father will go in unto the same maid - crime "not so much as named among the Gentiles" (1 Corinthians 5:1). When God's people sin in the face of light, they often fall lower than even those who know not God.
Go in unto the same maid. From Amos 2:8 it seems likely the damsel meant is one of the prostitutes attached to the idol Astarte's temple, prostitution being part of her filthy worship.
To profane my holy name - Israel in such abominations, as it were designedly, seeks to insult God.