The hart, and the roebuck, and the fallow deer, and the wild goat, and the pygarg, and the wild ox, and the chamois.
The hart - (see the note at Deuteronomy 12:15.)
Fallow deer, х wªyachmuwr (H3180), from chaamar (H2560), to be red] - does not represent the fallow deer, which is unknown in Western Asia, but an antelope (Oryx leucoryx) called by the Arabs, Jazmar. It is of a white colour, black at the extremities, and a bright red on the thighs. It was used at Solomon's table (1 Kings 4:23). Niebuhr describes it as frequenting the sandy deserts of Eastern Arabia, where it finds its favourite food from the leaves of the dwarfish acacias; and most probably it abounded in the Transjordanic pasture lands obtained by the Israelites.
Wild goat, х wª'aqow (H689); Septuagint, dorkada]. This word is different from that commonly used for a wild goat (1 Samuel 24:2; Psalms 104:18; Proverbs 5:19); and it is supposed to be the tragelaphus, a goat deer having the body of a stag, but the head, horns, and beard of a goat. An animal of this sort is found in the East, and called Lerwee (Shaw's 'Travels,' supplement, p. 96; also 'Nineveh and its Remains,' 2:, p. 431).
Pygarg, х wªdiyshon (H1788); Septuagint, pugargon] - a species of antelope (Oryx addar) with white buttocks, wreathed horns 2 feet in length, and standing about 3 feet 7 inches high at the shoulders. It is common in the tracts which the Israelites had frequented (Shaw).
Wild ox, х uwt'ow (H8377); Septuagint, oruga] - supposed to be the Nubian Oryx, which differs from the Oryx leucoryx (called "wild bull," Isaiah 51:20; also by the Targums), formerly mentioned, by its black colour; and it is, moreover, of larger stature and a more slender frame, with longer and more curled horns. It is called Bekkar-El-Wash by the Arabs.
Chamois, х waazaamer (H2169) - rendered by the Septuagint, kameelopardalin; but by others, who rightly judge, it must have been an animal more familiar to the Hebrews]: it is thought to be the Kebsch (Ovis tragelaphus), rather larger than a common sheep, covered, not with wool, but with reddish hair-a Syrian sheep-like goat.
CONCERNING BIRDS.