Deuteronomy 18:11 - Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible

Bible Comments

Or a charmer, or a consulter with familiar spirits, or a wizard, or a necromancer.

Or a charmer, х wªchober (H2266) chaaber (H2267)] - a binder with magic knots or spells (cf. Psalms 58:5). [Septuagint, kepaeidoon epaoideen, singing charms.]

Or a consulter with familiar spirits, х wªsho'eel (H7592) 'owb (H178)] - or a consulter of an oracle (Gesenius). But 'owb signifies the belly; and the phrase is commonly taken to describe a ventriloquist. [Septuagint, ergastirmuthos.] (See the note at Leviticus 19:31.)

Or a wizard, х wªyid`oniy (H3049)] - a knowing one, a wise man. [Septuagint, teratoskopos, an observer of prodigies. See the note at Leviticus 19:31, where the Septuagint renders the original by epaoidoi.]

Or a necromancer, х wªdoreesh (H1875) 'el (H413) hameetiym (H4191)] - one who makes inquiry of the dead. [Septuagint, eperootoon tous nekrous.]

All these impostures, which were subsidiary to idolatry, were to be put down and utterly abolished. It was on account of these diabolical arts, and the infamous vices to which they led, that the native tribes were to be expelled from Canaan. In spite of this express command, the people of that land, especially the Philistines, were a constant snare and stumblingblock to the Israelites, on account of their divinations and superstitious practices.

Deuteronomy 18:11

11 Or a charmer, or a consulter with familiar spirits, or a wizard, or a necromancer.