And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.
For this cause - the all-cleansing power of His blood fits Him to be Mediator of the new covenant (Hebrews 8:6), securing forgiveness for the sins not covered by the former imperfect covenant, and also an eternal inheritance to the called.
By means of death, х thanatou (G2288) genomenou (G1096)] - 'death having taken place.' At the moment that His death took place, 'the called received the (fulfillment of the) promise' (Hebrews 6:15; Luke 24:49; Acts 1:4): His death divides the Old from the New Testament. The "called" are the elect "heirs," "partakers of the heavenly calling" (Hebrews 3:1).
Redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament - the transgressions of all men from Adam to Christ, first against the primitive revelation, then against the revelations to the patriarchs, then against the law given to Israel, the representative people of the world. The "first testament" includes the whole period from Adam to Christ, not merely that of the covenant with Israel, which was a concentrated representation of the former covenant made with mankind by sacrifice. Before the inheritance by the New Testament [for here the "INHERITANCE," resulting from Christ's "death," requires diatheekee (G1242) to be testament, as it was before covenant] could come in, there must he redemption of (i:e., deliverance from the penalties incurred by) the transgressions committed under the first testament, for the propitiatory sacrifices reached only as far as removing outward defilement. But in order to obtain the inheritance which is a reality there must be a real propitiation, since God could not enter into covenant-relation with us so long as sins were unexpiated (Romans 3:24-25.)
Might, х laboosin (G2983)] - 'may receive,' which previously they could not (Hebrews 11:39-40).
The promise - to Abraham.