And I will make thy windows of agates, and thy gates of carbuncles, and all thy borders of pleasant stones.
And I will make thy windows of agates - or thy battlements [Hebrew, shimshotayik (H8121). The Septuagint, epalxeis. So the Vulgate, Arabic, and the Rabbis]; literally, suns; applied to battlements from their radiated appearance.
Agates - kadkod: jasper. The Septuagint, Vulgate, Arabic, and Syriac, pearls. The Chaldaic, rubies (Maurer). If the English version be accepted (because through windows the light of the sun enters), the agate, or jasper, or ruby windows will refer to the frames of the windows, as those precious stones are not sufficiently transparent for windows to let the light shine through. Cocceius takes kadkod (H3539), 'crystal,' from kaadad, to glow.
And thy gates of carbuncles - 'eqdaach (H688), from qaadach (H6919), to burn; literally, sparkling gems: the carbuncle when held to the sun becomes like a burning coal.
All thy borders - rather, thy whole circuit, consisting of precious stones. The glory of the Church on earth shall be perfected when the Hebrew Church, according to the original design, shall be the metropolis of Christendom.