And the houses of Jerusalem, and the houses of the kings of Judah, shall be defiled as the place of Tophet, because of all the houses upon whose roofs they have burned incense unto all the host of heaven, and have poured out drink offerings unto other gods.
Shall be defiled - with dead bodies (Jeremiah 19:12; 2 Kings 23:10).
Because of all the houses - rather (explanatory of the previous "the houses ... and ... houses"), 'even all the houses,' etc. (Calvin).
Roofs - being flat, they were used as high places for sacrifices to the sun and planets (Jeremiah 32:29; 2 Kings 23:11-12; Zephaniah 1:5). The Nabateans, south and east of the Dead Sea, a nation most friendly to the Jews, according to Strabo, had the same usage.