And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard those things, that he sent to Jobab king of Madon, and to the king of Shimron, and to the king of Achshaph,
And it came to pass, when Jabin king of Hazor had heard those things. The scene of the sacred narrative is here shifted to the north of Canaan, where a still more extensive confederacy was formed among the ruling powers, to oppose the further progress of the Israelites. Jabin ('the intelligent'), which seems to have been a hereditary title (Judges 4:2), took the lead, from Hazor being the capital of the northern region (Joshua 11:10). It was situated on the borders of lake Merom. The ether cities mentioned must have been in the vicinity, though their exact position is unknown.
Madon, [Septuagint, Maroon = Merom (Joshua 11:5).] Shimron - called Shimron-meron, Joshua 12:20.
Achshaph - Ecdippa, near the Phoenician coast (Joshua 19:25).