If a soul commit a trespass, and sin through ignorance, in the holy things of the LORD; then he shall bring for his trespass unto the LORD a ram without blemish out of the flocks, with thy estimation by shekels of silver, after the shekel of the sanctuary, for a trespass offering:
If a soul commit a trespass, х tim`ol (H4603) ma`al (H4604)] - act covertly, faithlessly to the Lord respecting His worship or His servants.
And sin through ignorance, х bishgaagaah (H7684)] - by mistake, inadvertently (see the note at Leviticus 4:2: cf. Numbers 15:30).
In the holy things of the Lord - i:e., things appropriated by law to the purposes of the sanctuary (Leviticus 22:2), such as the poll-tax, tithes, first-fruits, offerings of various sorts presented to God, or due to Him and the priests (Exodus 34:26; Deuteronomy 12:17-18; Deuteronomy 15:19).
A ram. This was the material appointed in every case of expiation for trespass (see the ceremony of offering the ram, described Leviticus 7:1).
With thy estimation - i:e., of Moses in the first instance, but afterward of the priest on duty (Leviticus 27:3; Leviticus 27:12). But what was he to estimate?-it might be the ram, which in value was to be at the rate fixed by the priest; but most probably it was the amount at which his trespass was estimated-the compensation money which he was to pay for the sacrilege he had committed, the ram being added as a sin offering.
By shekels of silver, after the shekel of the sanctuary, х kecep (H3701) shªqaaliym (H8255)] - money of shekels, a known and definite weight of silver, which was used as current money among the Israelites - "the shekel of the sanctuary" (see the note at Exodus 30:13), in contradistinction from the common or king's shekel (2 Samuel 14:26). [Septuagint, timees arguriou sikowwn too sikloo toon gioon, the shekel of the holy ones.] This is a case of sacrilege committed ignorantly, either in not paying the full due of tithes, first-fruits, and similar tribute; in eating of meats which belonged to the priests alone; or in neglecting some portions of an appointed offering, or the performance of a vow; and as compensation for the fraud heedlessly committed, he was required, along with the restitution in money, the amount of which was to be determined by the priest, to offer a ram for a trespass offering as soon as he came to the knowledge of his involuntary fraud.
For a trespass offering, х lª'aashaam (H817)]. The leading idea symbolized by the 'aashaam (H817) was not expiation, as in the sin offering, but compensation or restitution of a debt due to Yahweh as King of Israel. Not the (subjective) forgiveness, but the (objective) wrong done to God's possession here comes under consideration.