Mine enemies reproach me all the day; and they that are mad against me are sworn against me.
Mine enemies reproach me - (Psalms 42:10.) they that are mad against me - (Acts 26:11; Luke 6:11.) Thus David was a type of Messiah, and his haters a type of those who, "were filled with madness" against Jesus. Literally, 'my mad ones;' my enemies who are mad against me. The same Hebrew х mªhowlaalay (H1984)] is translated 'foolish,' Psalms 5:5; Psalms 75:4; - i:e., the madly vain-glorious: so here, those boasting themselves madly against me. The root primarily means to praise. Hence, the Septuagint, Vulgate, Ethiopic, Syriac, and Arabic versions translate, 'those who praised me (in my prosperity),' But the Chaldaic favours the English version.
Are sworn against me. So the Ethiopic, Septuagint, Vulgate, and Arabic. But the Syriac and Chaldaic favour rather 'swear by me.' The Hebrews do not use 'swear by me,' as the Hebrew is here х biy (H871a)], for 'swear against me.' The sense is my mad enemies make me the formula of a curse (Numbers 5:21). If they wish to curse any one, or to imprecate a curse on themselves in attestation of a statement, they say, May such a one, or may I, be such a wretched being as David! (Jeremiah 29:22; Jeremiah 42:18; Isaiah 65:15; Psalms 44:14).