He turned their heart to hate his people, to deal subtilly with his servants.
He turned their heart to hate his people. God judicially dealt with them according to their perversity, in order that they might afford the opportunity for displaying His glorious power in behalf of His people. God controls men's free acts (1 Samuel 10:9, margin; Exodus 4:21; Exodus 7:3; Exodus 9:16; Proverbs 16:4). It was God who "brought forth" Pharaoh and his chariots in pursuit of Israel (Isaiah 43:17; Psalms 51:4, note).
To deal subtilly with his servants. Carnal wisdom is devilish policy (Exodus 1:10; Acts 7:19). God "taketh the wise in their own craftiness" (Job 5:13). Contrast this state-craft of Pharaoh with Joseph's heaven-taught wisdom (Psalms 105:22).