Affliction. — Better, oppression.
Bitter. — So the LXX., Syriac, and Vulg. Better, stubborn, and so, inveterate, unyielding, enduring. (Comp. Deuteronomy 21:18-20.) Targum, “hard;” Arabic, “strong” or “violent.”
For there was... left. — Comp. Note on 1 Kings 14:10.