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Amos 4:1 open_in_new
Hear... ye. Masculine
kine. heifers: the women. Compare Psalms 22:22 (masculine), Ezekiel 39:18 (masculine)
mountain = hill country.
oppress. Hebrew. ashak, as in Amos 3:9 (feminine) Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 19:13.Deuteronomy 24:14; Deuteronomy 24:14). Compare 2 Samuel 12:3; 2 Samuel 12:4.
the poor. exhausted ones. Hebrew. dal (masculine) See note on "poverty", Proverbs 6:11
the needy. needy ones. Hebrew. ebyan (masculine) See note "poverty" Proverbs 6:11.
say (feminine)
their (masculine)
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Amos 4:2 open_in_new
The Lord GOD. See note on Amos 1:7.
sworn by His holiness. Reference to Pentateuch (Genesis 22:16).
lo. Figure of speech Asferismos. App-6.
hooks. In the Assyrian monuments we see the captives with literal "hooks" in their noses. Compare 2 Chronicles 33:11.Job 40:24; Job 41:2.Isaiah 37:29; Ezekiel 29:4.
your posterity. the remnant of you. Hebrew. 'aharith, as in Ezekiel 23:25. Not posterity.
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Amos 4:3 open_in_new
cow, i.e. woman.
at that which is before her. each woman through the breach [in the wall of Samaria].
before her i.e. without turning to the left or right. Compare Joshua 6:5; Joshua 6:20.
ye shall cast them into the palace. Palace, Hebrew. harmon (see note on Amos 1:4). Here it is haharmonah, which forms the Figure of speech Paronomasia (App-6) with 'arman (Amos 3:11). The clause is to be interpreted by Amos 3:11; Amos 3:12, end Amos 5:27, and would then road: "ye shall be cast forth toward Ha-Harmon". The place is not known, but it may mean "ye women who are at ease in your palaces" (arman, Amos 3:11; Amos 3:12) will be cast forth into Ha-Harmonak: into exile. The text is not necessarily "corrupt" because we do not happen to know. place of that name.
saith the LORD. is Jehovah's oracle.
the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4.
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Amos 4:4 open_in_new
Come to Beth-el, &c. Here we have Divine irony, as though it meant "Fill up the measure of your iniquity". Compare Matthew 23:32.
transgress... transgression. Hebrew pasha'. App-44.
Beth-el... Gilgal. Compare Amos 3:14; Amos 5:5.Hosea 4:15; Hosea 9:15; Hosea 12:11.
after three years. The ref is to the Pentateuch (Numbers 28:3.Deuteronomy 14:28; Deuteronomy 14:28), App-92. not to "days", or to modern "Mohammedan pilgrimages".
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Amos 4:5 open_in_new
offer. sacrifices. offer as incense. Hebrew katar. App-43. Ref to Pentateuch (Leviticus 7:13; Leviticus 23:17). App-92. Compare Psalms 56:12.Jeremiah 17:26; Jeremiah 33:1.Hebrews 13:15.
with leaven. Leavened bread might be eaten by the offerer, but not consumed on the altar (Leviticus 2:11; Leviticus 2:12). Leaven is mentioned five times in Exodus; four in Leviticus; one in Deuteronomy; and not elsewhere. The Mosaic law was well known. App-92. There was no "historic growth" of the Pentateuch.
free offerings. Reference to Pentateuch (Leviticus 22:18; Leviticus 22:21.Deuteronomy 12:6; Deuteronomy 12:6). App-92.
this liketh you. so ye have loved [to have it).
children. sons.
saith the Lord GOD. [is] Adonai Jehovah's oracle.
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Amos 4:6 open_in_new
cleanness of teeth. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6, for famine.
yet have ye not. &c. Note the Structure above, showing the Figure fo Speech Amoeboeon (App-6). Compare Isaiah 26:11.Jeremiah 5:3.Haggai 2:12.
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Amos 4:7 open_in_new
have withholden, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 28:22-24).
piece. portion of land.
it. Ginsburg thinks this should be "I".
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Amos 4:9 open_in_new
I have smitten, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 28:22). App-92. Compare Haggai 2:17.
the palmerworm. the gnawer. Hebrew. gazam. See note on Joel 1:4.
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Amos 4:10 open_in_new
I have sent, &c. Ref to Pentateuch (Leviticus 26:25.Deuteronomy 28:21; Deuteronomy 28:27; Deuteronomy 28:60). App-92.
the pestilence. a pestilence. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Cause), App-6, for the
death resulting from it. Septuagint renders it "death". See note on Amos 6:10.
after the manner, &c. Reference to Pentateuch, (Exodus 9:3; Exodus 9:6; Exodus 12:29; Deuteronomy 28:27). App-92. Compare Psalms 78:50; Isaiah 10:24; Isaiah 10:26.
taken. away, &c. Compare 2 Kings 13:7.
I have made, &c. Compare Joel 2:20.
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Amos 4:11 open_in_new
as God overthrew, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Genesis 19:24; Genesis 19:25.Deuteronomy 29:23; Deuteronomy 29:23). App-92. Compare Isaiah 13:19; Jeremiah 49:18. God. Hebrew Elobim. App-4.
ye were as. firebrand, &c. Compare Zechariah 3:2 .Jude 1:23.
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Amos 4:12 open_in_new
prepare to meet, &c. i.e. in judgment. Compare Ezekiel 13:5; Ezekiel 22:30; Amos 4:11 and Amos 4:12 are not "out of place" or an "interpolation", but are required by the Structure, "M", below.
Amos 4:1-13 (F2). THE NORTHERN KINGDOM. (THE KINE OF BASHAN.) (Extended Alternation.)
F2. K |1-. call to Hear.
L. -1. Judgements deserved.
M. 2,3. Threatening.
|. | 4,5. call to Come.
L. 6-11. Judgements inflicted.
M. 12,13. Threatening.
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Amos 4:13 open_in_new
createth. Some modern critics allege that this word (Hebrew. bara, Genesis 1 Amos 1:1) was not used before the time of Jeremiah; but it is used, besides the Pentateuch, in Psalms 51:10; Psalms 89:12; Psalms 89:47; Psalms 102:18; Psalms 104:30; Psalms 148:5.Ecclesiastes 12:1. and in Isaiah frequently.
wind. Hebrew ruach. App-9.
declareth unto man, &c. Compare Psa 189:2.Daniel 2:28.
man. Hebrew. 'adam. App-14.
That maketh, &c. Compare Amos 5:8; Amos 8:9.
and treadeth, &c. Reference to Pentateuch (Deuteronomy 32:13; Deuteronomy 33:29). App-92. Compare Micah 1:3.
is His name. Reference to Pentateuch (Exodus 15:3). App-92. Compare Amos 5:8; Amos 9:6; Isaiah 47:4.Jeremiah 10:16.