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Luke 19:1 open_in_new
And, &c. Verses 1-10 are peculiar to Luke. entered, &c.. having entered. was passing through. After the healing of the blind man. Compare "come nigh" (Luke 18:35).
Jericho. Now Eriha. In mediaeval times Riha. The city of palm trees (Deuteronomy 34:3.Judges 1:16; Judges 1:16), about eighteen miles from Jerusalem, and six miles from the Jordan. Compare Joshua 6:26 with 1 Kings 16:34. It after-ward became. great and wealthy city with some 100,000 inhabitants (compare Josephus, Bell. Jud. iv. 8. Ecclus 24:14).
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Luke 19:2 open_in_new
behold. App-133. Figure of speech Asterismos. App-6. man. Greek. aner. App-123.
named. called by name. Zaccheaus. Aramaic, Zakkai. pure. Ezra 2:9; Nehemiah 7:14. App-94.
chief among the publicans. a chief tax-gatherer. Greek. architelones. Occurs only here. See notes on Luke 3:12 and Matthew 9:9.
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Luke 19:3 open_in_new
sought. was (busy) seeking.
see. App-133.
Jesus. App-98.
who He was. Not what kind of. person, but which one of the crowd he was. not. Greek. ou. App-105.
for. Greek. apo. App-104.
press. crowd. because-seeing that. Not the same word as in verses: Luke 19:11-44.
little. small.
stature. Greek. helikia. See note on Luke 12:25.
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Luke 19:4 open_in_new
he ran before, and. having run forward before, he.
into. on to. Greek. epi (App-104.)
sycomore. Occurs only here. Not the same word as "sycamine" in Luke 17:6, or with our "sycamore", but the Egyptian fig, as in John 1:49.
was to pass, &c.. was about to pass through by (or through. Greek dia. App-104.Luke 19:1; Luke 19:1) that [way].
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Luke 19:5 open_in_new
to. up to. Greek. epi. App-104.
He looked up. Jesus looked up. Greek. anablepo. App-133.
unto. Greek. pros. App-104. Zaccheeus. Compare John 10:3.
I must abide. Adopting the royal mandate,
at. in. Greek. en. App-104. Not the same word as in verses: Luke 19:29; Luke 19:37.
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Luke 19:7 open_in_new
murmured. began to murmur aloud.
to be guest. to lodge, or put up. Compare Luke 2:7; Mark 14:14.
with. Greek. para. App-104.
a man that is. sinner. a sinful man. sinner. Greek. hamartolos. Compare App-128.
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Luke 19:8 open_in_new
And = But.
stood. took his stand. See note on Luke 18:11.
Lord. App-98.
I give: i.e.. now propose to give (present tense). Referring to. present vow, not to. past habit.
poor. App-127.
if, &c. Assuming the actual fact, no doubt being thrown on it. Not. mere possible case. App-118.
I have taken... by false accusation. Greek sukophanteo. Occurs only here and in Luke 3:14. It was said to mean informing of. breach of the law which forbade the exportation of figs (prohibited, in time of dearth, by an old Athenian law); but for this there is no authority. Whatever its origin, it came to mean. malicious accuser. Our Eng. word "sycophant "means. toady. The word sukophantes (silicon,. fig; phaino, to show) had something to do with figs, but nobody knows what.
fourfold. This was the restitution required of. sheep-stealer (Exodus 22:1).
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Luke 19:9 open_in_new
This day. That this day, the Greek hoti placing what was said within quotation marks. Contrast Luke 23:43, where there is no "hoti".
come. come to pass,
house. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Subject), App-6, for the household.
a son. The 1611 edition of the Authorized Version reads "the son".
son. App-108. Put by Figure of speech Synecdoche (of Genus), App-6, for. descendant.
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Luke 19:10 open_in_new
the Son of man. See App-98.
is come. came.
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Luke 19:11 open_in_new
added and spake. went on to speak.
because. on account of (Greek. dia. App-104.Luke 19:2; Luke 19:2) [the fact] that. Not the same word as in Luke 19:44.
that. Greek. hoti, same as "because" in verses: Luke 19:3; Luke 19:17; Luke 19:21; Luke 3:31.
the kingdom of God. See App-114.
should. was about to.
immediately. at the very moment. See Luke 1:64. appear be manifested. App-106.
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Luke 19:12 open_in_new
A certain nobleman. This parable is peculiar to Luke. The point of it was that Herod the Great and his son Archelaus (App-109) had actually gone from Jericho (where the parable was spoken; and where the latter had just rebuilt his palace. Josephus, Antiquities xvii. 13,1) to Rome to receive the sovereignty (see Josephus, Antiquities xiv. 14. 3,4; xvii. 4). Herod Antipas (App-109) subsequently did the same thing (Josephus, Antiquities xviii. 7:2).
nobleman. a man (App-123.) high born. Greek eugenes. Elsewhere only in Acts 17:11; 1 Corinthians 1:26.
into. unto. Greek. eis. App-104. As in verses: Luke 19:30; Luke 19:45. not in verses: Luke 19:4; Luke 19:23.
far. distant.
a kingdom. his sovereignty, or sovereign power.
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Luke 19:13 open_in_new
his ten servants. ten servants of his.
servants. bond-servants.
pounds. Greek. mna. See App-51. Archelaus did thus actually leave money in trust with his servants, Philippus being in charge of his pecuniary affairs. Not the same parable as that of the Talents in Matthew 25:14-30, which was uttered later, on the second day before the last Passover. See App-156.
Occupy. Engage in business, or use (as. house where one's business is done). From the Latin occupare, and French occuper. Greek. pragmateuomai. Occurs only here. Compare Judges 16:11.Psalms 107:23 (P.B.V.)
till. come: i.e. while. go and return.
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Luke 19:14 open_in_new
citizens, or subjects.
hated. used to hate,. message. an embassy (Compare Luke 14:32). This was actually done in the case of Archelaus (Josephus, Antiquities xvii. 11 1, &c.) The Jews appealed to Augustus, on account of the cruelties of Archelaus and the Herods generally, It led ultimately to his deposition,
will. App-102.
over. Greek. epi. App-104.
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Luke 19:15 open_in_new
it came to pass.. Hebraism.
when, &c.. on (Greek. en. App-104.) his coming back.
commanded. directed.
know. get to know. App-132.
had gained by trading. Greek. diqpragmateuomai Occurs only here.
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Luke 19:16 open_in_new
Lord. App-98. B.
hath gained. hath gained by labour: i.e. made in addition. Occurs only here.
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Luke 19:17 open_in_new
in. Greek. en. App-104.
have thou authority, &c. Exactly what Archelaus had then just done.
authority. Greek. exousia. App-172.
cities. Evidently in the kingdom to which the nobleman had returned.
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Luke 19:18 open_in_new
gained. made.
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Luke 19:19 open_in_new
likewise to him. to this one also.
Be. Become.
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Luke 19:21 open_in_new
austere. Greek austeros. dry, then hard and harsh. Only here, and Luke 19:22.
man. Greek. anthropos. App-123.
thou takest up. &c. Typical injustice of those times.
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Luke 19:22 open_in_new
Out of. Gk. ek.App-104.
wicked. Greek. poneros. App-128.
Thou knewest. Greek. Didst thou know, &c. ?
knewest. Greek. oida. App-132.
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Luke 19:23 open_in_new
bank. table, of the exchangers.
with. Greek. sun. App-104.
usury. interest.
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Luke 19:24 open_in_new
Take from him, &c. Compare Matthew 21:43.
from. away from. Greek. apo. App-104.
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Luke 19:26 open_in_new
For. say, &c. This is the Lord's own application.
not. Greek. me. App-105.
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Luke 19:27 open_in_new
But. But as for. would not. were unwilling. App-102.
slay them. cut them down. Greek. katasphazo. Occurs only here.
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Luke 19:29 open_in_new
And, &c. This is the second entry, which was not unexpected as the former was (Matthew 21:1, &c .), but pre-arranged (John 12:12; John 12:13). See App-153 and App-156.
Bethphage. See note on Matthew 21:1.
Bethany. Now el 'Azeriyek. The place of Lazarus. See App-156. Bethany was the starting-point of this second entry. See John 12:3; John 12:12; Mark 11:1, whereas in Matthew 21:1 the Lord was at Bethphage. See note there.
He sent two. As before (Matthew 21:1).
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Luke 19:30 open_in_new
Go. Withdraw. Not go forward, as in Matthew 21:2 over against. Greek. katenanti, down and opposite. colt. On the former entry, two animals were sent for. Luke is not "less circumstantial", but more so.
whereon. on (Greek. epi. App-104.) which.
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Luke 19:31 open_in_new
if, &c. The condition probable. App-118.
any man. any one.
the Lord. App-98.
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Luke 19:33 open_in_new
the owners. Greek. kurioi. See App-98.
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Luke 19:35 open_in_new
brought. led.
to. Greek. pros. App-104.
their. their own.
upon. Greek. epi. App-104.
set. Greek. epibibazo. Only here, Luke 10:34, and Acts 23:24.
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Luke 19:36 open_in_new
spread. were strewing under. Greek. hupostronnumi. Occurs only here.
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Luke 19:37 open_in_new
at. to. Greek. pros. App-104.
the descent. The second sight of the city after the first, owing to. dip in the route.
descent. Greek. katabasis. Occurs only here.
God. App-98.
for. concerning. Greek. peri. App-104.
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Luke 19:38 open_in_new
Saying, &c. Quoted from Psalms 118:26.
name. See note on Psalms 20:1.
the LORD. Jehovah. See App-98.
heaven. Singular. without Art. See note on Matthew 6:9; Matthew 6:10
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Luke 19:41 open_in_new
come near. Marking the progress.
beheld... and. looking on. App-133.
wept. wept aloud. Greek. klaio. to wail. Not dakruo to shed silent tears, as in John 11:35.
over. Greek. epi. App-104.
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Luke 19:42 open_in_new
Saying, &c. Peculiar to Luke.
If thou, &c. Assuming it as an actual fact. App-118. Not the same as in verses: Luke 19:8; Luke 19:31; Luke 19:40.
hadst known. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Cause), App-6, for heeding. See note on Isaiah 1:3.
day. Put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct). App-6, for the events taking place in it.
which belong unto. for (Greek. pros. App-104.) thy peace. For these see Isaiah 48:18 and Psalms 122. Note the Figure of speech Aposiopesis (App-6), denoting that the blessedness involved in this knowledge was overwhelmed by the thought of the tribulation which was to come on account of their ignorance of it.
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Luke 19:43 open_in_new
the days. days.
trench. rampart. Greek charax. Occurs only here. Compare Isaiah 29:3; Isaiah 29:4; Isaiah 37:33.
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Luke 19:44 open_in_new
lay. level(and dash). Compare Septuagint, Psalms 137:9; Hosea 10:14.
children. App-108.
within. Greek. en. App-104.
one stone, &c.. stone upon (Greek. epi. App-104.) stone.
because. the reason for (anti. App-104.) which things [is that].
time. season.
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Luke 19:45 open_in_new
the temple. the temple courts. Greek. hieron. See Matthew 23:16
to cast out, &c. This is. repetition of the Lord's act in Luke 21:12, but the same as in Mark 11:15, which has supplementary details. See App-156.
therein. in (Greek. en).
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Luke 19:46 open_in_new
It is written. It standeth written. Quoted from Isaiah 56:7 and Jeremiah 7:11. See App-107.
a den of thieves. a robbers' cave.
den. cave. Greek. spelaion. Occurs six times: Matthew 21:13.Mark 11:17; John 11:38 (cave), Hebrews 11:38, and Revelation 6:15.
thieves. robbers, or brigands. As in John 10:1; John 10:8; John 18:40 and 2 Corinthians 11:26, and should be so rendered in Matthew 21:13; Matthew 26:55; Matthew 27:38; Matthew 27:44, &c. Not kleptes. a thief.
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Luke 19:47 open_in_new
taught. was (or continued) teaching.
daily. day by day: i.e. on each of these last six days. Compare Luke 20:1. See App-156.
chief priests. high priests.
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Luke 19:48 open_in_new
very attentive to hear Him. hanging on Him, listening.