That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world:
Ver. 12. Strangers from the covenant] The saints only are heirs to the promises; but the devil sweeps all the wicked, as being out of the covenant. They stuff themselves with promises, till they have made them a pillow for sin, Deuteronomy 29:19. Sed praesumendo sperant, et sperando pereunt.
Having no hope] But such as will one day hop headless; such as will serve them as Absalom's mule served her master, when she left him hanging by the head between heaven and earth, as rejected of both.
Without God in the world] Because without a teaching priest, and without law,2 Chronicles 15:3. As it is said of the poor Brazilians at this day, that they are sine fide, sine rege, sine lege, without faith, without a king, without law. This was the case of our pagan predecessors.